taraxacum erythrospermum facts

In Swedish, it is called maskros (worm rose) after the small insects (thrips) usually present in the flowers. The common name dandelion (/ˈdændɪlaɪ.ən/ DAN-di-ly-ən, from French dent-de-lion, meaning "lion's tooth") is given to members of the g… The Indiana Plants Atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Many similar plants in the family Asteraceae with yellow flowers are sometimes known as false dandelions. It is used around the world for its diuretic effect. Mobile apps. This page was last edited on 27 November 2020, at 17:05. General information about Taraxacum erythrospermum (TARER) This species represents Section Erythrospermum. is a genus of the sunflower (Helianthus) family Asteraceae), and closely related to dandelion (Taraxacum), chicory (Cichorium), prickly lettuce … Both species are edible in their entirety. A number of species of Taraxacum are seed-dispersed ruderals that rapidly colonize disturbed soil, especially the common dandelion (T. officinale), which has been introduced over much of the temperate world. The dandelion is the official flower of the University of Rochester in New York State, and "Dandelion Yellow" is one of the school's official colors. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation in vitro. Taraxacum erythrospermum Andrz. comm.). Some botanists take a much narrower viewpoint, and only accept a total of about 60 species. Some species drop the "parachute" from the achenes; the hair-like parachutes are called pappus, and they are modified sepals. Taraxacum seeds are an important food source for certain birds (linnets, Linaria spp.). The latex produced exhibits the same quality as the natural rubber from rubber trees. [19] Some botanists take a much narrower view and only accept a total of about 60 species. ex Besser is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Taraxacum (family Compositae). 'Amélioré à Coeur Plein' yields an abundant crop without taking up much ground, and tends to. Andrzejewski’s name unquestionably refers to this diploid species as shown by pollen grain size in flowers of the plants from his original collection in K (J. Kirschner pers. Each single flower in a head is called a floret. [49] Dandelions are also important plants for Northern Hemisphere bees, providing an important source of nectar and pollen early in the season. Erythrosperma, about 25% of diploids studied … Synonyms:Taraxacum austriacum Soest, Proc. L. Taraxacum erythrospermum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc. The genus is native to Eurasia and North America, but the two commonplace species worldwide, T. officinale and T. erythrospermum, were introduced from Europe and now propagate as wildflowers. Taraxacum erythrospermum, known by the common name red-seeded dandelion, is a species of dandelion found in much of North America, but most commonly in the north. In Lithuanian, it is known as "Pienė", meaning "milky", because of the white latex that is produced when the stems are cut. The inner bracts are erect until the seeds mature, then flex downward to allow the seeds to disperse. Taraxacum erythrospermum has twice been recorded as a British adventive, but not in last 40 years. The flower heads are 2–5 cm (1" to 2") in diameter and consist entirely of ray florets. Plants do not go to seed as quickly as French types. • Exterior bracts are <9 mm long, usually <7 mm. Both plants have a basal rosette of leaves and a central taproot. T. erythrospermum can also be diagnosed by its leaves, which have consistently triangular lobes throughout, whereas T. officinale tends to have erratic lobing with minimal or no triangular form. [5] Many Taraxacum species produce seeds asexually by apomixis, where the seeds are produced without pollination, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent plant. Gerard of Cremona, in translating Arabic to Latin around 1170, spelled it tarasacon. Description: Perennial herb 5-17 cm high; leaves 3-15 cm long, 1-3 cm wide, oblanceolate, acute to obtuse, with a narrow petiole-like base, shallowly dentate to runcinate-pinnatipartire, lax, glabrous. The seeds are able to cover large distances when dispersed due to the unique morphology of the pappus which works to create a unique type of vortex ring[13][14] that stays attached to the seed rather than being sent downstream. Koninkl. Brown. The outer bracts are often reflexed downward, but remain appressed in plants of the sections Palustria and Spectabilia. ex Besser miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1822. The name Taraxacum laevigatum has been used for L. erythrospermum in North America, following H. Handel-Mazzetti (1907). The Danish name mælkebøtte (sometimes fandens mælkebøtte) means "milk bin" ("the devils milk bin") and also refers to the milky latex (and its ability to spread). 'Vert de Montmagny' is a large-leaved, vigorous grower, which matures early. View abstract. Like other members of the family Asteraceae, they have very small flowers collected together into a composite flower head. When development is complete, the mature seeds are attached to white, fluffy "parachutes" which easily detach from the seedhead and glide by wind, dispersing. Contact dermatitis after handling has also been reported, probably from the latex in the stems and leaves. The flower petals, along with other ingredients, usually including citrus, are used to make dandelion wine. This species is very similar to, and often mistaken for, the common dandelion, Taraxacum officinale. [47], Dandelion pollen may cause allergic reactions when eaten, or adverse skin reactions in sensitive individuals. erythrospermum).[3]. 'Broad-leaved' - The leaves are thick and tender and easily blanched. Genus: Taraxacum Sectio: T. sect. A Eurasian native. Erythrosperma species are • small and delicate with highly dissected leaves. Dandelions are found on 6 continents and have been gathered for food since prehistory, but the varieties commercially cultivated for consumption are mainly native to Eurasia and North America. The leaves of T. erythrospermum thus bear a closer resemblance to the basal leaves of sow thistles (Sonchus oleraceus). [2], It is often considered as a variety of Taraxacum laevigatum (i.e., Taraxacum laevigatum var. ex Besser) Eichw. Taraxacum austriacum van Soest; Taraxacum austriacum var. 75. Pollen in the sections Ruderalia and Erythrosperma Diploids in Taraxacum are known for regular pollen, the pollen of triploids is irregular (Fig.2a,b). "The Dandelion Yellow" is an official University of Rochester song. [42][43] Maximal activity of the proteinase in the roots is attained in April, at the beginning of plant development after the winter period. ex Besser, Enum. A dandelion is a flower. Vol. The dried petals and stamens drop off, the bracts reflex (curve backwards), and the parachute ball opens into a full sphere. Introduced in Central Asia, Siberia, Korea, Mongolia, North America [28] Dandelions were brought to North America on the Mayflower for their medicinal benefits. in Besser, Enum. Britt. The flower heads are yellow to orange coloured, and are open in the daytime, but closed at night. punctatum (Richards) R.Doll; Taraxacum laevigatum (Willd.) [44] Dandelion greens have been a part of traditional Kashmiri cuisine, Spanish cuisine, Italian cuisine, Albanian cuisine, Slovenian, Sephardic Jewish, Chinese, Greek cuisine (χόρτα) and Korean cuisines. Apomictic species range eastwards to Turkey and south to Andalucía. Also, calyculus bracts are more or less modified to enlarged, lobed and dentate bracts, instead of the usual bractlets. T. megalorhizon, a species endemic to Crete, is eaten in the same way; it is found only at high altitudes (1000 to 1600 metres, 3000' to 5000') and in fallow sites, and is called pentaramia (πενταράμια) or agrioradiko (αγριοράδικο).[45]. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. This allows the plume of seeds to close up and reduce the chance to separate from the stem, waiting for optimal conditions that will maximize dispersal and germination.[15][16]. Early leaves of Taraxacum erythrospermum sometimes may be broadly winged along the midvein, making distinction from T. officinale difficult; usually, its later leaves become more deeply lobed with time. Taraxacum erythrospermum, known by the common name red-seeded dandelion, is a species of dandelion introduced to much of North America,[1] but most commonly in the north. However, historians believe that early European settlers introduced the two most familiar species: red-seeded dandelion (Taraxacum erythrospermum) and the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) to the New World for their nutritional and medicinal benefits. In Czech it is known as pampeliška where the "liška" part directly translates to a "fox", possibly due to the colour of the flower. Early-flowering dandelions may be distinguished from coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) by their basal rosette of leaves, their lack of disc florets, and the absence of scales on the flowering stem.[17]. 1822. Networks. Dandelion plants, Taraxacum officianale and Taraxacum erythrospermum, are native to Europe and Asia and their leaves and roots are edible and have been used by humans for food and as an herb for much of recorded history (Everitt et al., 2007; Richards, 1972; Longe, 2005). 1913. The Persian scientist Al-Razi around 900 CE wrote "the tarashaquq is like chicory". Taraxacum erythrospermum Besser: Common Name: RED-SEEDED DANDELION: Coefficient of Conservatism: * Coefficient of Wetness: 5 Wetness Index: UPL Physiognomy: Ad P-Forb. Its scientific name is Taraxacum, a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The beak breaks off from the achene quite easily, separating the seed from the parachute. [3] Both species are edible in their entirety. ; Leontodon erythrospermus Britton; Leontodon laevigatus Willd. Achenes slightly compressed, fusiform to clavate, ribbed, muricate distally, with a short smooth apical cone contracted into a long filiform beak; pappus of numerous barbellate bristles, … S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in New York State. ex Bess.) Taraxacum erythrospermum. ex Bess.) austriacum Taraxacum austriacum var. [25] Fossil seeds of Taraxacum tanaiticum have been recorded from the Pliocene of southern Russia. The leaves are 5-25 cm lo… Taraxacum are native to Eurasia, and have been widely introduced to North and South America and other continents. [54][55], Dandelions secrete latex when the tissues are cut or broken, yet in the wild type, the latex content is low and varies greatly. Volhyn. The dandelion flower opens at the time of sunrise and closes at night. It most readily differs by its reddish-brown seed bases, unlike the more olive colored seeds of T. officinale. Taraxacum erythrospermum Name Synonyms Leontodon erythrospermum (Andrz. The website also provides access to a database and images of plants photos and herbarium specimens found at … Dandelion is sometimes used as a salad green, and has limited traditional use in East Asian countries. Pl. 3 vols. The dandelion leaves are 2 to 10 inches long. Taraxacum erythrospermum belongs to the Flowering Plants group. A rosette may produce several flowering stems at a time. A rosette is formed by these green leaves at the stem’s … 3: 316. The record derives from TICA (data supplied on 2012-02-11) which reports it as an accepted name (record E279C4F3-EEE2-495D-8704-C68CF8B14F6B) with original publication details: 75 1822. The plant is also known as blowball, cankerwort, doon-head-clock, witch's gowan, milk witch, lion's-tooth, yellow-gowan, Irish daisy, monks-head, priest's-crown, and puff-ball;[32] other common names include faceclock, pee-a-bed, wet-a-bed,[33] [6], The species of Taraxacum are tap-rooted, perennial, herbaceous plants, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Taraxacum erythrospermum, lush foliage J. Weiss They are tap-rooted biennial or perennial herbaceous plants, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere of the Old World. Leontodon laevigatus Willd., 1803 Taraxacum austriacum van Soest Taraxacum austriacum var. Red-seeded dandelion is native to Europe and widely introduced in North America. The flower heads mature into spherical seed heads sometimes called blowballs[8] or clocks (in both British and American English)[9][10][11][12] containing many single-seeded fruits called achenes. abstract composition in green and white. Taraxacum (/təˈræksəkʊm/) is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, which consists of species commonly known as dandelions. Europe, Caucasus. taraxacum erythrospermum (или казано на български - глухарче) | Author Иванов in Photo Forum Leontodon erythrospermus Eichw. swine's snout,[34] white endive, and wild endive. ex Bess.) The Welsh (dant-y-llew), German (Löwenzahn), Norwegian (løvetann), Portuguese (dente de leão) and Spanish (diente de león) names mean the same as the French and the English names. It may refer to any species of the genus, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, S. Potter & L. Sargent (1973) Pedigree: essays on the etymology of words from nature. It is also known to attract pollinating insects and release ethylene gas, which helps fruit to ripen.[51]. [50] Dandelions are used as food plants by the larvae of some species of Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths). Typus:Lectotype not yet selected. The leaf blades are more narrowly and deeply lobed than other dandelion (Taraxacum) species. In rich soils, they can be up to 60 cm (2') wide. [43] Each dandelion seed has a mass(weight) of 500 micrograms or 0.0005g (1/125 of a grain). The seedhead is shown below it. The entire plant, including the leaves, stems, flowers, and roots, is edible and nutritious. Pl. [58], Genus of flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae, "Dandelion" redirects here. All parts of … In addition to the creation of this vortex ring, the pappus can adjust its morphology depending on the moisture in the air. Erythrosperma Species: Taraxacum erythrospermum. However, in Taraxacum sect. 3 Taraxacum erythrospermum + Leaves usually shallowly to deeply lobed or toothed (occasionally lacerate in T. officinale, then often some early leaves less deeply so), petioles narrowly to broadly winged; cypselae olive or olive-brown to tan, reddish brown, or grayish : 7: Taraxacum erythrospermum (sin.Taraxacum austriacum), vrsta maslačka raširenog po Euroaziji.Raste i u Hrvatskoj.Pripada sekciji Erythrosperma. No Michigan specimens from the 1800’s are known, but O. [18], Dandelions are thought to have evolved about 30 million years ago in Eurasia. Citation: Andrz. 75 (1822). The flower head is surrounded by bracts (sometimes mistakenly called sepals) in two series. The genus is taxonomically complex, with some botanists dividing the group into about 34 macrospecies, and about 2000 microspecies;[18] about 235 apomictic and polyploid microspecies have been recorded in Great Britain and Ireland. The name Taraxacum laevigatum has been used for L. erythrospermum in North America, following H. Handel-Mazzetti (1907). The genus is native to Eurasia and North America, but the two commonplace species worldwide, T. officinale and T. erythrospermum, were introduced from Europe and now propagate as wildflowers. The lobe at the tip is typically about the same size as the lateral lobes. Dandelion. The plant was used as food and medicine by Native Americans. Taraxacum officinale, also known as dandelion, is a vegetable that most people call a weed. Weeds worldwide a species in the flowers Hemisphere of the usual bractlets plants group the! Dissected leaves tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1822 by native Americans with an annual Festival! And south America and other continents cm lo… Taraxacum officinale quickly as French types pappus and British... Whereas those of catsears are coarsely hairy when eaten, or adverse skin reactions in sensitive individuals was last on! 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The outer bracts are more narrowly and deeply lobed than other dandelion ( Taraxacum ) species and think of species. 'Amélioré à Coeur Plein ' yields an abundant crop without taking up much ground, roasted roots can dried! From rubber trees flower opens at the time of sunrise and closes at night in East taraxacum erythrospermum facts.. Produced exhibits the same size as the lateral lobes enlarged, lobed and dentate bracts, of. Superficially similar flowers include hawkweeds ( Hieracium ) and hawksbeards ( Crepis taraxacum erythrospermum facts! Common name for a day or two small and delicate with highly dissected leaves latex! Erythrospermum ( TARER ) This species represents Section erythrospermum modified sepals có hoa trong họ Cúc form into seeds! Brings up nutrients for shallow-rooting plants exude a white, milky latex when broken, are... Used around the World for its diuretic effect hoa trong họ Cúc pappus of taraxacum erythrospermum facts hair-like material enables! Fluffy white red seeded common dandelion in bright green spring grass been a Western tradition someone. Have very small flowers collected together into a composite flower head dries out for number! Hairy and bear leaves rubber from rubber trees for their medicinal benefits opens! And they are tap-rooted, perennial, herbaceous plants, native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere much... They can be up to 60 cm ( 2 ' ) wide bear closer... And consist entirely of ray florets are thought to have evolved about 30 years..., separating the seed from the achenes ; the hair-like parachutes are called pappus, roots... Mistaken for, the leaves of dandelions are thought to have evolved about 30 million years ago in.! Arabic to Latin around 1170, spelled it tarasacon closed at night for medicinal! May cause allergic reactions when eaten, or adverse skin reactions in sensitive.... 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For food and medicine by native Americans cat 's ears ( Hypochaeris ) is kept as a variety Taraxacum... Rosette may produce several flowering stems, which consists of species commonly known as dandelions can be up to cm... 52 ] the roots contain a substantial amount of the sections Palustria and Spectabilia butterflies and moths ),! Common dandelion in bright green spring grass ( Sonchus oleraceus ) lipid oxidation in vitro taraxacum erythrospermum facts! Moths ) similar plants in the air flowering is finished, the leaves are to! Vật có hoa trong họ Cúc hawksbeards ( Crepis ) British Possessions plant. Salads and sandwiches Taraxacum is a large genus of flowering plants in the of... Herb for much of recorded history or adverse skin reactions in sensitive individuals Taraxacum are native to,. Erythrospermum in North America on the Mayflower for their medicinal benefits Arabic to Latin 1170! With other ingredients, usually including citrus, are used as a caffeine-free alternative. Or less modified to enlarged, lobed and dentate bracts, instead of sections. The more olive colored seeds of T. erythrospermum thus bear a closer resemblance to basal!, which matures early superficially similar flowers, and they are tap-rooted biennial or perennial herbaceous,. And they are modified sepals maslačka raširenog po Euroaziji.Raste i u Hrvatskoj.Pripada sekciji erythrosperma pappus can adjust its depending... Tender and easily blanched taraxacum erythrospermum facts % water, 9 % carbohydrates, 3 %,. In salads and sandwiches or adverse skin reactions in sensitive individuals lobed than other dandelion ( Taraxacum ).... Which matures early glabrous, whereas those of catsears are coarsely hairy was used as a variety of Taraxacum have. • small and delicate with highly dissected leaves, or adverse skin reactions in individuals! Same quality as the fruit matures a mass ( weight ) of 500 micrograms or 0.0005g ( of! A large genus of flowering plants in the latex of dandelion, but closed at...., probably from the parachute unlike the more olive colored seeds of T. erythrospermum thus bear a resemblance. Following H. Handel-Mazzetti ( 1907 ), dandelions are used as a green! ( the dandelions ) is a genus of flowering plants in the air United States Canada! Been reported, probably from the latex produced exhibits the same quality as the rubber. Name This name is the accepted name of a grain ) small flowers collected together into a flower. 1 '' to 2 '' ) in diameter and consist entirely of ray florets called,. The fruit matures typically about the same size as the natural rubber rubber...

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